10.25394/PGS.8945150.v1
Kymeri E Davis
Kymeri E
Davis
Detection of Illicit Drugs in Various Matrices via Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction (TV-SPME)
Purdue University Graduate School
2019
GC-MS method
SPME
illegal drugs
Forensic Chemistry
2019-10-16 16:29:08
Thesis
https://hammer.purdue.edu/articles/thesis/Detection_of_Illicit_Drugs_in_Various_Matrices_via_Total_Vaporization_Solid-Phase_Microextraction_TV-SPME_/8945150
<p>In Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction
(Headspace SPME), a sample
is heated to encourage a portion of the analyte into the headspace of a vial. A
coated fiber is introduced into the sample headspace and the analyte is adsorbed
onto the fiber coating. Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction
(TV-SPME) is a technique that is derived from this technique. In TV-SPME,
liquid samples are
completely vaporized allowing for better adsorption and fewer matrix effects.
This method does not require any sample preparation, utilizes minimal supplies
and can be automated, making it both an efficient and cost-effective method. Chapter
1 will discuss the theory of SPME and TV-SPME.</p>
<p>In Chapter 2, the detection of ɣ-hydroxybutyric
acid (GHB) and ɣ-butyrolactone (GBL) in beverages is discussed. The detection
of these compounds in beverages is of importance because these drugs may be
used to facilitate sexual assault. This crime utilizes substances that cause
sedation and memory loss. The derivatization of GHB as well as the properties
that make GHB difficult to detect will be discussed. </p>
<p>Chapter 3 will discuss the detection of
methamphetamine and amphetamine (as their trifluoroacetyl derivatives), GBL,
and the trimethylsilyl derivative of GHB in human urine. Amphetamine is a
metabolite of methamphetamine, therefore, both drugs should be identified
within biological samples. GHB and GBL are metabolites of one another and
interconvert when in aqueous solution. This interconversion will be discussed. </p>
<p>Chapter 4 will cover method optimization of
the Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction method. Analytes of interest
for these analyses were methamphetamine, amphetamine, GHB, and GBL. The optimal
extraction temperature ranging from 60-160°C
of each drug will be discussed as well as why higher temperatures may not be
suitable for this method. A limit of detection study for methamphetamine and
amphetamine will also be covered. </p>
<p>Chapter 5, the future work chapter, will
discuss future analyses using the Total Vaporization Solid-Phase
Microextraction method including the analysis of powder materials, plant
material, and toxicological samples. Powder material will include the analysis
of individual powdered drugs as well as realistic drug mixtures. Some analyses
on individual powder samples has already been completed and will be shown. Plant
material will include the
analysis of naturally occurring compounds found in marijuana plants as well as
synthetic cannabinoids. Toxicological samples will expand on previously
mentioned urine samples to include drugs such as benzoylecgonine and THC-COOH. </p>